Prevalence of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) in Sri Lankan adults: results of a cross sectional study
Abstract
This study assessed the prevalence of COPD, its associated risk factors and co-morbidities in Sri Lankan adults. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 3 rural and 4 urban areas in 7 out of 9 provinces of Sri Lanka using a randomly selected sample of Sri Lankan adults above 18 years. The Burden of Lung Disease (BOLD) survey tool was used with pre- and post-bronchodilator spirometry. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) was classified according to the Global Initiative on Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) criteria. The association of COPD with known risk factors: smoking, passive smoking, dusty job, use of firewood; and comorbidities; diabetes mellitus, past history of tuberculosis, hypertension, heart disease, stroke and lung cancer was assessed. Of 1985 subjects (45.1% male) assessed, the overall prevalence of COPD was 7.3% (95% CI 6.1%-8.4%) and the prevalence among participants above 40 years of age was 10.5% (95% CI 8.9% -12.3%). Among those with COPD, 38.9% was in stage 1, 45.8% in stage 2, 10.4% in stage 3 and 4.9% in stage 4. The prevalence of COPD was significantly higher in males (10.4%) than in females (4.7%). Of the COPD patients, 54.8% were non-smokers. COPD was significantly associated with sex, smoking and exposure to dust among the over-40-year age group. Other known risk factors such as exposure to biomass fumes and a past history of tuberculosis were not significant risk factors in this sample. The prevalence of COPD in Sri Lankan adults is similar…
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