Prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency among patients with Type 2 diabetes on metformin in Security Forces Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia:A cross-sectional study
Abstract
Background and Aim: The association between Vitamin B12 deficiency and metformin use among Type 2 diabetic patients (T2DM) were reported. We wanted to determine the prevalence of Vitamin B12 deficiency among T2DM patients who were on metformin seen in our institution. Methods: We conducted a retrospective medical records review of Saudi patients diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patient aged between 30-50 years who visited the Primary Care Center of Security Forces Hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia during the last two years 2018-2019. Results: A total of 289 T2DM patients, 161 (55.7%) males and 128 (44.3%) females with a mean age of 44.66 ± 4.49 years were included in the study. The mean Vitamin B12 level was 296.68 ± 114.79 pg/mL. There were 12 patients (4.2%) with Vitamin B12 deficiency, and the remaining 277 patients (95.8%) had normal Vitamin B12 level. The mean (SD) Vitamin B12 level of males was significantly higher among males than females (311.75 ± 115.34 pg/mL versus 277.72 ± 111.68 pg/mL, p=0.012). There was no significant difference in the mean (SD) Vitamin B12 level among patients <50 years old and patients ≥50 years old (292.40 ± 111.82 pg/mL versus 324.08 ± 130.52 pg/mL, p=0.109). Conclusion: In summary, we found 19.72% prevalence of Vitamin B12 deficiency among patients seen at the family medicine clinics with 40.14% of our patients in the borderline Vitamin B12 status. Contrary to other previous studies, we found that females are more at risk for Vitamin…
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