Empagliflozin in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with High Cardiovascular Risk: A Model-Based Cost-Utility Analysis in China
Abstract
PURPOSE: To evaluate the cost-utility of empagliflozin, in addition to best available standard care (BASC), for the treatment of adult patients with T2DM at high cardiovascular risk from the Chinese healthcare system perspective. METHODS: A Microsoft Excel-based patient-level simulation model, based on the EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial data, was adapted and used to project individual's clinical and economic outcomes over a lifetime horizon. The cost and utility values were derived from databases and published studies. Numbers and rates of diabetes-related events, life-years (LYs), quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), costs (¥ 2019) as well as incremental cost-utility ratios (ICURs) were calculated. Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were conducted to test the robustness of the model results. RESULTS: Compared with BASC, empagliflozin plus BASC was predicted to result in an additional 1.01 QALYs (8.05 QALYs vs 7.04 QALYs) at an incremental cost of ¥4002 per patient. The modeled ICUR was ¥3988 per QALY gained, which was considered highly cost-effective in China compared to both one and three times the GDP per capita in 2019 (¥70,892 and ¥212,676). The deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of base-case results. CONCLUSION: This is the first cost-utility analysis regarding the use of empagliflozin in patients with T2DM in China, the world's most affected country by the T2DM pandemic. The economic evaluation suggests that…
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