Metabolic effects of mangosteen supplementation as an adjuvant to sitagliptin/metformin in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes Iraqi patients
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus often remains inadequately managed despite effective oral treatments. Mangosteen ( Garcinia mangostana ), abundant in xanthones, including α-mangostin, may have metabolic and insulin-sensitizing properties; however, clinical data are scarce. We sought to assess mangosteen (MG) as an adjunct for enhancing metabolic status in recently diagnosed Iraqi patients with type 2 diabetes. In a 90-day prospective, randomized, open-label study, patients received either sitagliptin/metformin 50/1000 mg twice daily with lifestyle modifications (n = 22) or the same regimen supplemented with MG 500 mg twice daily (n = 25). Both groups showed significant reductions in body weight, body mass index (BMI), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting blood glucose (FBG), insulin levels, and lipid parameters ( p < 0.05). MG supplementation resulted in greater reductions in body weight and BMI (–3.42% vs. –2.25%; p = 0.013) and independent improvements in total cholesterol and triglyceride levels ( p = 0.001); however, it did not confer additional benefits for glycemic control. MG provides significant anthropometric and lipid-related benefits, potentially mediated by weight reduction and enhanced insulin sensitivity.
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a randomized trial, done in people. Its evidence level is 3 of 5 (Moderate · trial / cohort / secondary analysis). Trials without a large randomized design, cohorts and secondary analyses give moderate evidence. Reported size: 25 participants or records.
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