Safety and efficacy of protracted usage of oral antidiabetic drugs in type-2 diabetes management
Abstract
This review paper explores the impact of prolonged usage of oral antidiabetic drugs, particularly focusing on the therapeutic benefits and adverse effect associated with long-term consumption of these medications. Diabetes mellitus is becoming increasingly common worldwide, with 415 million adults diagnosed in 2015 and an anticipated increase to 642 million by 2040. Successfully treating type 2 diabetes typically involves a multi-faceted approach, targeting both insulin resistance and impairing the function of endocrine beta-cell using multiple medications. Although metformin is commonly regarded as the primary oral medication for diabetes management, it may not always provide adequate control, prompting the need for supplementary therapies to enhance its efficacy. Among the various oral antidiabetic agents available, sulfonylureas, such as glimepiride, remain a popular choice as a second-line add-on to metformin, particularly in Indian clinical settings. Compared to conventional sulfonylureas like glibenclamide, modern sulfonylureas like glimepiride have shown improved outcomes and better safety profiles. Glimepiride has been extensively studied and has a large body of evidence supporting its use. Nevertheless, antidiabetic medications have shown limited success in attaining ideal blood sugar control, with merely 41% of individuals reaching the intended goals. Additionally, questions have been raised regarding the possible harmful effects and adverse reactions of these…
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