Proteomic Analysis of the Effects of Shenzhu Tiaopi Granules on Model Rats with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Abstract
Background: Shenzhu Tiaopi granule (STG) has antidiabetic functions. Data-independent acquisition proteomic technology is an integral part of systems biology. Herein, proteomics was used to analyse the effects of STG on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the mechanism by which STG normalizes glucose metabolism. Methods: Goto-Kakizaki (GK) T2DM model (Mod) rats, aged 15-16 weeks and with a fasting blood glucose (FBG) level of ≥11.1 mmol/L, were treated with metformin or STG for 12 weeks. Wistar rats aged 15-16 weeks were included in the control (Con) group. Body weight, FBG, total cholesterol (TC), total triglyceride (TG) levels and low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) levels were measured, and pathological observation, Western blot analysis and data-independent acquisition proteomics of the liver were performed. Results: Significant differences in FBG, TC, TG, LDL-C (p < 0.01) and pathological liver morphology were observed between the Mod group and Con group, whereas both metformin and STG normalized the glucose and lipid metabolism indicators (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). In total, 5856 proteins were identified via proteomic analysis, 97 of which were significantly differentially expressed in the liver and affected fatty acid metabolism, unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis, the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signalling pathway, pyruvate metabolism, and terpenoid backbone biosynthesis. Screening identified 10 target proteins, including perilipin-2 (Plin2), pyruvate…
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