Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic evaluations of levofloxacin in broiler chickens
Abstract
Title: Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic evaluations of levofloxacin in broiler chickens \nObjective: To evaluate the PK/PD and residues of levofloxacin (L) after IV and oral administrations in broiler chickens. \nMaterials & Methods: 65 healthy broiler chickens were randomly divided into 4 groups (A n=20, B n=20, C n=20 and D n=5). Groups A, B and C received 5 mg/kg of L (A and B oral, C IV) while D was the control group. Blood samples were withdrawn at different scheduled times for the group A and C, while animals in group B were sub-divided in to 5 sub-groups (n=4) and euthanized for organ (liver, kidney, muscle, lung) collections at different times (1, 6, 10, 24, 48 h). L concentrations in blood and tissues were quantified by validated HPLC-FL method. PK data of L was fitted using a non-compartment model. As PD studies, two field E. coli isolates were collected from cloacal swabs. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) against E.coli (isolated in clinical broilers) were determined in broth and in serum obtained from the healthy animals using the microdilution method according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. In vitro and ex vivo anti-bacterial effects of L were determined using time killing curve. Solutions of L in serum (0.0, 0.03, 0.06, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5 and 1 μg/ml) and serum samples (10, 30 min, 1, 4, 6, 10, 24 and 48 h) were used for the determination of in vitro and ex vivo antibacterial…
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