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Clinical research on pulmonary hypertension from a 2025 perspective: a narrative review

Bai Q, Liu H, Wang H, Yao Y, Deng J, Wang T

Journal of thoracic disease, 2026

Abstract

Background and objective: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a clinical syndrome characterized by progressive elevation of pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) and subsequent right ventricular (RV) failure. The research of PH has undergone unprecedented transformation in 2025, marked by paradigm-shifting therapeutic advances, refined diagnostic criteria, and sophisticated precision medicine approaches. This narrative review aims to synthesize the recent evidence from pivotal clinical trials, epidemiological studies, and translational research that collectively redefine the management of this complex disease spectrum, providing clinicians and researchers with an overview of current developments and future directions.

Methods: The literature search was conducted in PubMed with particular focus on publications from January 2025 to December 2025. Inclusion criteria encompassed clinical trials, observational studies, registry analyses, and research articles reporting novel diagnostic approaches, biomarkers, therapeutic interventions, and management strategies for PH. Studies were selected based on their relevance to clinical practice and scientific significance. The selection process was conducted independently, with consensus reached through discussion for any discrepancies.

Key content and findings: The 2025 clinical research on PH evolved towards precision assessment driven by novel biomarkers and artificial intelligence (AI), enhanced imaging [echocardiography, computed tomography…

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