Correlation Between the Exou/Exos Genotype, Biofilm Formation, and Antibiotic Resistance in Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Isolated from Burn Wound Infections
Abstract
Introduction: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is widely recognised as theprimary etiological agent for serious infections in burn patients worldwide.Objective: To examine the frequency of the exoU/exoS genotype in clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa obtained from burn wound infections in Iraq and its correlation with antibiotic resistance.Methodology: 80 P. aeruginosa isolates were obtained from patients diagnosed with burn wound infections in Iraqi hospitals. The isolates were initially identified by biochemical methods and subsequently confirmed by molecular techniques. Conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect the exoU/exoS genotype. Antibiotic susceptibility was determined by the disc diffusion method, and biofilm production was assessed by the microtiter plates method. Results: This study found four distinct genotypes in burn wound infections, with substantial differences (P < 0.001). Most P. aeruginosa isolates form biofilm (96.25%; 77/80) at different intensities, with significant differences (p < 0.05) and a statistically significant correlation with an (exoS+\exoU-) genotype. The (exoS+\exoU+) genotype was more antibiotic-sensitive. While the (exoS-\exoU+) genotype was more antibiotic-resistant than other genotypes. The genotype exoU+\exoS- correlated significantly with fluoroquinolone antibiotic susceptibility, resulting in substantial resistance rates against ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin. While the genotype exoU+\exoS+ showed a statistically…
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