An Individualized TTM-Based Intervention Promotes Child Safety Seat Purchase Among Pregnant Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Shantou, China
Abstract
This study evaluated a transtheoretical model (TTM)-based intervention's effectiveness in improving child safety seat (CSS) purchasing behaviors. A randomized controlled trial assigned 414 pregnant women to TTM, child passenger safety education, and control groups. At three, six, and 12 months after the intervention, the intervention groups showed significant improvements in CSS purchase rates and behavioral stage progression from baseline compared with the control group, with the TTM group showing the greatest effect. These findings may inform future efforts to promote CSS use and behavioral change. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print September 25, 2025:e1-e4. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2025.308248).
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a randomized trial, done in people. Its evidence level is 2 of 5 (High · randomized trial). Randomized trials of a reasonable size are the strongest single-study design. Reported size: 414 participants or records.
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