Vitamin D Supplementation on Metabolic and Endocrine Profiles in Women with polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Regression of Randomized Controlled Trials
Abstract
Abstract Background Polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome (PMOS) is a heterogeneous endocrine-metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, hyperandrogenism, and chronic low-grade inflammation. Despite a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in affected women, the metabolic and endocrine benefits of supplementation remain inconclusive. Objective To evaluate the effects of vitamin D supplementation on glucose metabolism, lipid profiles, androgen-related outcomes, and inflammatory markers in women with PMOS, and to explore sources of heterogeneity and the synergistic effect of concomitant metformin therapy. Methods This PROSPERO-registered meta-analysis (CRD420261289375) followed PRISMA guidelines. Five databases were searched through August 2025 for eligible RCTs. Mean differences (MD) with 95% confidence intervals were pooled using random- or fixed-effects models. Subgroup analyses, meta-regression, and sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess robustness and explore effect modifiers. Results Fourteen RCTs (882 participants) were included. Vitamin D supplementation significantly improved HOMA-IR, QUICKI, FPG, fasting insulin, HOMA-β, total cholesterol, LDL-C, VLDL-C, total testosterone, and mF-G score. No significant effects were observed for triglycerides, HDL-C, hs-CRP, SHBG, FAI, BMI, or body weight. Combination therapy with metformin produced greater improvements in insulin resistance than vitamin D monotherapy. Conclusion Vitamin D…
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Evidence Hub reads this as a systematic review, done in people. Its evidence level is 1 of 5 (Highest · pooled evidence). Pooled evidence from several studies sits at the top of the evidence pyramid. Reported size: 882 participants or records.
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