Incidence of Nephropathy After Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis in Decompensated Liver Cirrhosis at Muhammad Teaching Hospital, Peshawar: A Single Institution Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study
Abstract
Objective: To determine the incidence of nephropathy after spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in patients withdecompensated liver cirrhosis.Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study.Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at the Department of Medicine, Muhammad TeachingHospital (MTH), Peshawar, Pakistan from November 1st, 2024, to April 30th 2025.Methods: A total of one hundred and ten (110) patients were part of the current study. This sample size wasobtained by using the WHO sample size calculator, for which a reference study was considered having afrequency of renal impairment in about 83.3% of patients who had developed decompensated liver cirrhosisfollowed by spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Consecutive, non-probability sampling technique was used. Theconfidence interval was equal to 95% while error margin was equal to 6% to calculate the size.Results: Participants of the study were adults, and the minimum age was 18, whereas the oldest was 60 years,with a mean of 46.436 ± 6.81 years. As chronic liver disease patients were selected, they had a prolongedhistory of decompensated cirrhosis of the liver (mean duration was 8.845 ± 2.38 months). Gender classificationof 110 participants was done, in which males were 91 (82.7%) and females were 19 (17.3%). Nephropathy(Renal impairment) was observed in 33 (30%) of patients after spontaneous bacterial peritonitis indecompensated liver cirrhosis.Conclusion: In this study, the results showed that overall, there…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a cross-sectional, done in people. Its evidence level is 4 of 5 (Low · observational). Observational designs can show an association but not prove cause. Reported size: 110 participants or records.
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