Bacteremia caused by Leuconostoc species : 6-case series
Abstract
Leuconostoc species (L. species) is Gram-positive, anaerobic, catalase-negative, or oxidase-negative coccus or coccobacillus. It has similar biochemical characteristics to that of enterococcus or streptococcus viridians and therefore there is a risk of it being identified with either one. It is a natural resident existing in humans’ and animals’ mucous layers, large intestines, dairy products, beans, and vegetables. In the past it was thought that it did not infect humans, but recently its occurrence in patients with major diseases and immunocompromised patients has been continuously reported and it has been reported that it has infected humans in the form of bacteremia, encephalomeningitis, peritonitis, or pneumonia. The strains of L. species include L. lactis, L. mesenteroides, L. paramesenteroides, L. oenos, L. pseudomesenteroides, L. citreum, and L. dextranicum. Its greatest characteristic is that it has natural tolerance against antibiotics of the glycopeptides series like vancomycin. L. bacteremia mostly occurs in immunocompromised patients who receive anti-cancer treatment, who have taken steroids for a long time, or who have undergone a liver transplant. In Korea, L. bacteremia has been reported in patients who have Kosin Medical Journal 2018;33:422-430. https://doi.org/10.7180/kmj.2018.33.3.422 KMJ Case Reports
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Evidence Hub reads this as a case series, done in people. Its evidence level is 5 of 5 (Very low · case / narrative / animal / in vitro / in silico). Case reports, narrative reviews, and animal, cell or computer-model studies give the weakest evidence for human health.
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