The Efficacy of Tixagevimab-Cilgavimab Prophylaxis Against Omicron BA.5 Variants in Patients with Hematological Malignancies: Insights from the Leukemia and Lymphoma Society Registry
Abstract
Patients with hematological malignancies who are infected with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SArS-CoV-2) are at an elevated risk for morbidity and mortality due to their age, immunosuppressive therapy, and underlying immunodeficiency [1–3]. Amid the CoVid-19 pandemic, multiple variants of concern (VoC) of SArS-CoV-2 have emerged that have impacted the mortality and severity of the disease. By April–July 2022, omicron had become the prevailing strain worldwide, featuring four primary sub-variants: BA.1, BA.2, BA.4, and BA.5. these sub-variations harbor over 30 mutations in their spike protein, exceeding those observed in the Alpha and delta variants [4]. despite typically causing milder symptoms than earlier VoCs, they are highly contagious and show reduced susceptibility to monoclonal antibody treatments. during that period when the omicron variant was prevalent, the mortality rate among patients hospitalized primarily due to CoVid-19 declined to 4.9% between April and June 2022, which represents the most favorable outcome recorded during the pandemic and is approximately one-third of the rate recorded during the delta variant’s reign [5]. these improved outcomes during the omicron period may be attributed to various factors such as increased immunity from vaccines and prior infections, advancements in early treatment for patients who are susceptible to severe disease, and a decreased pathogenicity of omicron subvariants. despite the emergence of…
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