Benefits of Metformin in Attenuating the Hallmarks of Aging
Abstract
SUMMARY Biological aging involves an interplay of conserved and targetable molecular mechanisms, summarized as the hallmarks of aging. Metformin- a biguanide that combats age-related disorders and improves healthspan, is the first drug to be tested for its age-targeting effects in the large clinical trial- TAME (Targeting Aging by MEtformin). This review focuses on metformin’s mechanisms in attenuating hallmarks of aging and their interconnectivity, by improving nutrient-sensing, enhancing autophagy and intercellular communication, protecting against macromolecular damage, delaying stem-cell aging, modulating mitochondrial function, regulating transcription, and lowering telomere attrition and senescence. These characteristics make metformin an attractive gerotherapeutic to translate to human trials.
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