Fastidious or rarely isolated gram-negative rods with a particular focus on Kingella kingae
Abstract
SUMMARYThe bacterial species covered in this review are taxonomically diverse. Kingella kingae, a well-known infectious agent of pediatric bacteremia and osteomyelitis as well as septic arthritis in children aged 6-36 months, is the focus of this review. Recent advances in molecular diagnostic tools have allowed new aspects of pathogenesis and transmission to be investigated since the last review of K. kingae in this journal. Asymptomatic oropharyngeal colonization with noninvasive strains can be distinguished from invasive clones, so that a positive detection in the oropharynx can be assumed to be compatible with a clinical entity caused by K. kingae. Furthermore, novel and uncommon infections could be attributed to K. kingae. Clinical and microbiological aspects of the other Kingella spp. and of the genera Actinobacillus, Aggregatibacter, Capnocytophaga, Cardiobacterium, Chromobacterium, Dysgonomonas, Eikenella, Pasteurella, Simonsiella, Streptobacillus, and Suttonella are discussed separately. The identification of most genera by phenotypic methods is difficult. Direct microscopy and phenotypic key reactions, as well as commercially available systems, allow identification of the frequently encountered human species. If accurate identification of uncommon isolates is a concern, molecular methods, such as 16S ribosomal RNA gene PCR/sequencing, are necessary. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry can also be helpful. Besides infections…
Read the paper
Related studies
- Impact of antibiotics on the human microbiome and consequences for host health
- Antibiotics in the clinical pipeline in October 2019
- The incidence of collagen-associated adverse events in pediatric population with the use of fluoroquinolones: a nationwide cohort study in Taiwan
- Research Communications of the 32nd ECVIM-CA Online Congress
- Singlet-Oxygen Therapy. Scientific And Methodological Materials
- Artificial Intelligence in Pharmacovigilance
Go deeper in Evidence Hub
Evidence Hub adds a study data sheet (design, sample size, evidence level, key numbers), an AI summary and a chat grounded in the paper's text.