A Review on Risk Factors, Traditional Diagnostic Techniques, and Biomarkers for Pneumonia Prognostication and Management in Diabetic Patients
Abstract
People of all ages can contract pneumonia, and it can cause mild to severe disease and even death. In addition to being a major cause of death for elderly people and those with prior medical conditions such as diabetes, it isthe world's biggest infectious cause of death for children. Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic condition with a high glucose level and is a leading cause of lower limb amputation, heart attacks, strokes, blindness, and renal failure. Hyperglycemia is known to impair neutrophil activity, damage antioxidant status, and weaken the humoral immune system. Therefore, diabetic patients are more susceptible to pneumonia than people without diabetes and linked fatalities. The absence of quick, precise, simple, and affordable ways to identify the etiologic agents of community-acquired pneumonia has made diagnostic studies' usefulness contentious. Improvements in biological markers and molecular testing techniques have significantly increased the ability to diagnose pneumonia and other related respiratory infections. Identifying the risk factors for developing severe pneumonia and early testing in diabetic patients might lead to a significant decrease in the mortality of diabetic patients with pneumonia. In this regard, various risk factors, traditional testing techniques, and pathomechanisms are discussed in this review. Further, biomarkers and next-generation sequencing are briefly summarized. Finding biomarkers with the ability to distinguish between bacterial and…
Read the paper
Related studies
- Impact of antibiotics on the human microbiome and consequences for host health
- Antibiotics in the clinical pipeline in October 2019
- The incidence of collagen-associated adverse events in pediatric population with the use of fluoroquinolones: a nationwide cohort study in Taiwan
- Research Communications of the 32nd ECVIM-CA Online Congress
- Singlet-Oxygen Therapy. Scientific And Methodological Materials
- Artificial Intelligence in Pharmacovigilance
Go deeper in Evidence Hub
Evidence Hub adds a study data sheet (design, sample size, evidence level, key numbers), an AI summary and a chat grounded in the paper's text.