Synthesis and applications of carbon quantum dots derived from biomass waste: a review
Abstract
In the context of the circular economy and decreasing earth resources, waste should be converted into value-added materials such as carbon quantum dots, which are fluorescent nanomaterials with promising applications in sensing, biological imaging, energy storage, and photocatalysis. Here, we review carbon quantum dots with focus on their synthesis from biomass, factors controlling their performance, properties, and applications in energy, medicine, and environmental science. Applications include energy storage in batteries and supercapacitors, renewable energy, pollutant sensing and degradation, drug delivery, biosensing, and bioimaging.
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