Mixing alcohol with energy drink (AMED) and total alcohol consumption: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Abstract
It has been suggested that consuming alcohol mixed with energy drink (AMED) may increase total alcohol consumption. Aims of this systematic review and meta‐analysis were (i) to compare alcohol consumption of AMED consumers with alcohol only (AO) consumers (between‐group comparisons), and (ii) to examine if alcohol consumption of AMED consumers differs on AMED and AO occasions (within‐subject comparisons). A literature search identified fourteen studies. Meta‐analyses of between‐group comparisons of N = 5212 AMED consumers and N = 12 568 AO consumers revealed that on a typical single drinking episode AMED consumers drink significantly more alcohol than AO consumers (p = 0.0001, ES = 0.536, 95%CI: 0.349 to 0.724). Meta‐analyses of within‐subject comparisons among N = 2871 AMED consumers revealed no significant difference in overall alcohol consumption on a typical drinking episode between AMED and AO occasions (p = 0.465, ES = −0.052, 95%CI: −0.192 to 0.088). In conclusion, between‐group comparisons suggest that heavy alcohol consumption is one of the several phenotypical differences between AMED and AO consumers. Within‐subject comparisons revealed, however, that AMED consumption does not increase the total amount of alcohol consumed on a single drinking episode. © 2016 The Authors. Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a meta-analysis. Its evidence level is 1 of 5 (Highest · pooled evidence). Pooled evidence from several studies sits at the top of the evidence pyramid. Reported size: 5,212 participants or records.
Read the paper
Related studies
- Chaos and quantum thermalization
- The Dalton quantum chemistry program system
- Cord Blood Leptin and Adiponectin as Predictors of Adiposity in Children at 3 Years of Age: A Prospective Cohort Study
- Quantitative metabolomics by H-NMR and LC-MS/MS confirms altered metabolic pathways in diabetes
- Stable adiabatic quantum batteries
- A novel self-lipid antigen targets human T cells against CD1c(+) leukemias
Go deeper in Evidence Hub
Evidence Hub adds a study data sheet (design, sample size, evidence level, key numbers), an AI summary and a chat grounded in the paper's text.