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Patient Acceptance and Barriers to IoT Usage in Health Care: Systematic Literature Review

Arifin Z, Handayani PW

JMIR mHealth and uHealth, 2026

Abstract

Background: The Internet of Things (IoT) represents a transformative paradigm in health care service delivery, offering unprecedented potential to enhance quality of care, operational efficiency, and patient outcomes through interconnected devices and real-time data analytics. Despite rapid adoption, implementation depends on patient acceptance as end users. While literature extensively documents technical and institutional perspectives, a comprehensive understanding of patient acceptance factors remains fragmented, with high technology abandonment rates. Systematic synthesis of patient perspectives is critically needed to inform user-centered design, effective implementation strategies, and supportive policy frameworks.

Objective: This systematic literature review aims to identify and synthesize factors influencing patient acceptance of IoT technology in health care services, barriers hindering adoption, and effective strategies for enhancing acceptance.

Methods: Following PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) 2020 guidelines, we systematically searched eight electronic databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, IEEE Xplore, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, ACM Digital Library, ProQuest, and Google Scholar) for empirical studies published between January 2016 and December 2024. Inclusion criteria encompassed peer-reviewed empirical research examining patient perspectives on IoT technology in health care services, published in English or…

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