Avocado Consumption for 12 Weeks and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Adults with Overweight or Obesity and Insulin Resistance
Abstract
ABSTRACT Background Diets emphasizing unsaturated fat and high fiber are associated with reducing cardiometabolic risk factors. Avocados are rich in MUFA and PUFA fats and fiber. Objectives Assess replacement of carbohydrate energy with avocado energy for 12 wk on glucose homeostasis and cardiometabolic risk factors in self-selecting free-living adults who are overweight or with obesity and have insulin resistance. Methods In a single-center, randomized, 2-arm, controlled, 12-wk parallel trial, adults [n = 93; male/female: 39/54; mean ± SD age: 42 ± 12 y; BMI: 32.6 ± 3.9 (in kg/m2); HOMA-IR: 2.7 ± 1.7] were counseled to exchange avocado (AV) or control food (C; low fat, low fiber, energy matched) for carbohydrate food in their usual diet for 12 wk. The primary outcome was the change in Matsuda Insulin Sensitivity Index (MISI) after 12-wk interventions. Secondary outcomes were changes in fasting and post–oral glucose tolerance test glycemic variables, fasting lipids, endothelial activation and inflammation markers. Automated Self-Administered 24-h Dietary Assessment Tool captured weekly dietary intake. Intervention effects were mainly determined by ANCOVA using PC-SAS version 9.4. Results Dietary total, MUFA, and PUFA fat; fiber; and vegetable intake were higher in the AV group compared with the C group (P 0.05). Differences between the changes in MISI after AV compared with C were not different (Δ0–12 wk, P = 0.1092). Differences in fasting insulin (Δ0–12 wk, P = 0.0855) and…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a randomized trial, done in people. Its evidence level is 2 of 5 (High · randomized trial). Randomized trials of a reasonable size are the strongest single-study design. Reported size: 93 participants or records.
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