Secondary Donor Engineering for High-Efficiency Orange-Red Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitters
Abstract
Achieving efficient orange-red emission in thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters remains challenging due to hard to achieve great balance between small singlet-triplet energy gap and high radiative decay rates. In this study, a modification site engineering strategy for secondary donors to optimize excited-state properties for orange-red emitters is proposed. Two isomeric emitters, ND28DBT and ND37DBT, were synthesized by introducing dibenzothiophene (DBT) units at different positions of a naphthalimide-dimethylacridine core. The theoretical analysis indicates that ND37DBT possesses a more favorable excited-state configuration, which facilitates an efficient reverse intersystem crossing (RISC) process and accelerates the radiative decay rate. As a result, ND37DBT showed a high photoluminescence quantum yield (70%), a fast RISC rate (6.25×105 s-1), and an excellent external quantum efficiency (22.1%) with minimal roll-off in 100 cd m-2. This work demonstrates that precise control of secondary donor modification sites offers a powerful molecular design strategy for developing high-efficiency orange-red TADF materials.
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