Bacterial Profile and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns among Neonates with Suspected Sepsis at a Tertiary Hospital (ACSH) in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia: A Prospective Observational Study
Abstract
Abstract Background Neonatal sepsis remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly in low-resource and post-conflict settings. The increasing burden of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has substantially reduced the effectiveness of empirical antibiotic therapy. Local evidence on bacterial pathogens and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns is essential for optimizing clinical management and guiding institutional treatment protocols. Objective To determine the bacterial profile and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns among neonates with suspected sepsis admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of Ayder Comprehensive Specialized Hospital (ACSH), Tigray Region, Northern Ethiopia. Methods A hospital-based prospective observational study was conducted in the NICU of ACSH from January 1 to December 31, 2025. Consecutive neonates with clinically suspected sepsis were enrolled. Blood cultures were obtained under aseptic conditions before initiation of antibiotic therapy. Bacterial isolates were identified using standard microbiological methods, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion technique according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 27. Results Among 526 neonates with suspected sepsis, 132 (25.1%) had culture-confirmed sepsis, yielding 137 bacterial isolates. Gram-negative bacteria predominated (69.3%), with…
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