Design Simulation of a Whole-Body Whole Gamma Imaging System
Abstract
Whole gamma imaging (WGI) is a fusion of PET and Compton imaging by inserting a scatterer detector ring inside a PET ring. 89Zr, a positron emitter which emits 909 keV gamma rays about 4 times more frequently than the positron decay, is a good radioisotope for WGI; adding Compton imaging of 909 keV gamma rays can enhance the sensitivity of 89Zr-PET. We developed a small WGI prototype and demonstrated that the Compton imaging performance for 909 keV gamma rays is close to PET. In this study, we designed a clinical WGI system by optimizing the detector ring diameters for 89 Zr imaging, assuming the use of the same detector modules as the prototype. We modeled the system using the Geant4 Monte Carlo simulation toolkit. We evaluated the angular resolution measure (ARM) and the Compton sensitivity, varying the scatterer diameter from 480 mm to 560 mm, and the absorber diameter from 800 mm to 1020 mm. As a result, the impact of the absorber diameter on the ARM significantly increased as the scatterer diameter increased. Compton sensitivity decreased significantly with increasing absorber diameter, but was not notably influenced by scatterer diameter. Additionally, we conducted 89Zr imaging simulation of a hot-rod phantom. Since performance improves with decreasing scatterer diameter, we set the diameter to 540 mm to minimally fit the standard Japanese body shape for the initial trial. We evaluated two absorber diameters, 800 mm and 1020 mm, to assess their effect on spatial…
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