35.8 DustNet: A Network of Time-Division Multiplexed Ultrasonic Implants with 16-Level ASK Backscatter Modulation
Abstract
A network of distributed neural implants can give insight into the operation of neurological circuits and provides opportunities to restore function in patients with nerve damage. Real-time activity data from specific, spatially distributed efferent nerves provide motor signals that enhance intuitive control of prostheses [1], [2]. To enable long-term recording with minimal risk of infection, wirelessly networked and powered implants, each with an uplink data rate of 50kb/s, are required to measure a wide range of neural signals, including LFP, AP, and EMG signals. Therefore, multi-implant networks of 4 to 8 implants require total data rates of 200 to 400kb/s. Recent studies have demonstrated multi-implant networks using RF, optical (NIR), or magnetoelectric communication schemes [3]–[5], but they suffer from limited depth (<10mm) or low total data rates (40kb/s). In contrast, ultrasound (US) has been demonstrated as a low-loss modality to wirelessly power and communicate with mm-scale implants at depths of several cm [6]–[9]. However, tissue absorption constrains US carrier frequencies to single-digit MHz for deep-tissue implants, requiring highly efficient use of the available US channel bandwidth.
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