Nanostructures, concentrations and energies: an ideal equation to extend therapeutic efficiency on radioresistant 9L tumor cells using ${{\rm{Ta}}}_{2}{{\rm{O}}}_{5}$ ceramic nanostructured particles
Abstract
This work presents an in-depth analysis into the dependencies of radiosensitisation on x-ray beam energy, particle morphology and particle concentration for nanostructured particles (NSPs). A maximum sensitisation enhancement ratio of 1.46 was attained with irradiation of a 10 MV x-ray photon beam on 9L cells exposed to the less aggregated form of NSPs at 500 μ g ml −1 . A significant increase in sensitisation of 30% was noted at 150 kVp for irradiation of the less aggregated form of tantalum pentoxide NSPs compared to its more agglomerated counterpart. Interestingly, no differences in sensitisation were observed between 50 and 500 μ g ml −1 for all beam energies and NSPs tested. This is explained by a physical 'shell effect', where by the NSPs form layers around the cells (observed using confocal microscopy), with the inner layers contributing to enhancement, while the outer layers shield the cell from damage.
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