Orforglipron compared with dapagliflozin in adults with type 2 diabetes and inadequate glycaemic control with metformin (ACHIEVE-2): a multicentre, randomised, non-inferiority, open-label, phase 3 trial
Abstract
Background: Type 2 diabetes is a complex metabolic disorder often requiring combination therapy for optimal glycaemic control. This study assessed the efficacy and safety of orforglipron, an oral, non-peptide GLP-1 receptor agonist, versus dapagliflozin, an oral SGLT2 inhibitor, in participants with type 2 diabetes and inadequate glycaemic control with metformin.
Methods: This 40-week, phase 3, multicentre, open-label (orforglipron dose-blinded), randomised study was conducted in 73 sites across six countries. The study included adults with type 2 diabetes using metformin (≥1500 mg/day) with glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) concentrations between 7·0% and 10·5% (53-91 mmol/mol), stable bodyweight (±5%), and a BMI of 23·0 kg/m2 or more. Participants were randomly assigned in a 1:1:1:1 ratio to receive once-daily oral orforglipron (3 mg, 12 mg, or 36 mg) or dapagliflozin 10 mg. The primary endpoint was change from baseline in HbA1c at week 40, using a non-inferiority margin of 0·3% for orforglipron versus dapagliflozin; analysis was based on the treatment-regimen estimand (data obtained regardless of study intervention discontinuation or initiation of additional glucose-lowering agents). The treatment regimen estimand was the primary estimand, with the efficacy estimand considered supportive. Safety was assessed in all randomised participants who received at least one dose of study drug. This trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT06192108, completed).
Findings: From Jan…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a randomized trial, done in people. Its evidence level is 2 of 5 (High · randomized trial). Randomized trials of a reasonable size are the strongest single-study design. Reported size: 962 participants or records.
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