Synthesis of Nb2O5/C for H2O2 electrogeneration and its application for the degradation of levofloxacin
Abstract
Abstract The present work sought to investigate H2O2 generation using a gas diffusion electrode composed of carbon with niobium oxide for the degradation of levofloxacin. Results showed that the oxide formed was Nb2O5 (crystallographic structure was confirmed by XRD; chemical composition detected by XPS) and the increase in the Nb/C ratio led to more crystalline structure and higher crystallite size. The carbon with 5% Nb2O5 presented an average particle size of 5.6 nm and this material led to the generation of the highest amount of H2O2 (317.6 mg L− 1). The C/5% Nb2O5-modified GDE was applied for the degradation of levofloxacin in an acid medium, in the presence and absence of Fe2+ ions. Long-term experiments conducted for the analysis of the time required for the total removal of levofloxacin showed that 96% of levofloxacin and 66% of organic load were removed in 270 min of treatment at the current density of 100 mA cm− 2.
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