Bubble Interactions with Volatile Solute Species
Abstract
The presence of volatile substrates within cavitation bubbles during oscillations markedly alters bubble temperature dynamics and reactivity. This chapter explores the sono-pyrolysis of carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 ), methanol (CH 3 OH), and methane (CH 4 ) using numerical single-bubble sonochemistry models. Results reveal that carbon tetrachloride enhances the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive chlorine species (RCS), making it advantageous for the accelerated degradation of non-volatile pollutants. In contrast, methanol suppresses ROS formation while promoting hydrogen generation. Methane, even at low gas-phase concentrations, increases hydroxyl radical (⋅OH) production but has a stronger effect on hydrogen yield. These findings underscore the versatile roles of volatile substrates: CCl 4 supports pollutant degradation, whereas CH 3 OH and CH 4 show promise for energy-efficient hydrogen production. This chapter provides an analysis of the sono-pyrolysis behavior of these compounds, offering baseline insights to optimize and control sonochemical processes for environmental and energy applications.
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