Émulsion chargée en principe actifs permettant une libération contrôlée par ultrasons
Abstract
Drug encapsulation is a thriving area where potential therapeutic improvements are important. In this regard, the ability to control drug release using ultrasound is attractive because it helps to locate and manage drug delivery. In my thesis project, I studied the possibility of using low ultrasonic intensities to control drug release. To do this, I used emulsions to encapsulate two types of drugs: "paclitaxel", an anticancer drug, and "levofloxacin", an antibiotic. Paclitaxel was encapsulated in an emulsion composed of nanodroplets comprising a core composed of oil and perfluorooctyl bromide (PFOB) stabilized by a fluorinated and biocompatible surfactant called Dendritac. Levofloxacin was encapsulated in an emulsion composed only of oily nanodroplets; we were able to reduce the diffusion of levofloxacin out of the droplet by adding esters of triglycerides. We investigated the ultrasound-triggered delivery of paclitaxel in the presence of a colorectal carcinoma cell line and levofloxacin in the presence of Escherichia coli. We have shown that ultrasound triggers the delivery of drugs for low sound pressures (0.4 Mpa) when using ultrasound at a frequency of 1 MHz with a duty cycle of 5% and a pulse repetition frequency of 200 Hz.
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