Chemical composition and evaluation of the antibacterial and anti-migratory potentials of Anthemis maritima L. growing in North Africa
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Anthemis maritima, endemic to Libya, holds promise for its medicinal properties, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, and wound-healing activities. METHODS: This work aims to explore the phytoconstituents present in methanolic extracts of Anthemis maritima aerial parts using LC-ESI-MS and assess their in vitro cytotoxic, anti-migratory, and antibacterial activities. RESULTS: Phytochemical analysis indicated the presence of 44 compounds, representing 11.77% of total peaks in the LC-chromatogram, including flavonoids, coumarins, sterols, and phenolic acids. Among the identified compounds, flavonoids represented 11.58%, of which 5,3’-dihydroxy-6,7,4’-trimethoxyflavone, cyanidin 3,5-diglucoside, astragalin, and kaempferol 3-O-rutinoside were the most abundant flavonoids in the plant extract. Cytotoxic assay showed marked activity of A. maritima extract, especially at a dose of 100 µg/mL, against A549 and Hep-2 cancer cell lines (IC50s = 49.49 and 67.93 µg/mL, respectively), while weaker activity was observed against HepG2 (IC50=107.95 µg/mL). Anti-migratory effects against A549, Hep-2, and HepG2 cancer cells were evaluated using a sub-cytotoxic dose of 50 µg/mL, with A549 and Hep-2 showing reduced rates of cell migration after 96 h of treatment (0.00535 and 0.00462 mm/hr, respectively), while HepG2 showed reduced rates in a 48-hour experiment (0.0062 mm/hr), which indicates that the extract decreases cancer metastasis. The plant extract exhibited…
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