Systematic review of changes in extracellular vesicles associated with obstructive sleep apnoea: implications for diagnosis and treatment
Abstract
Graphical abstract This graphical abstract illustrates the influence of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA)-derived extracellular vesicles (human and OSA animal models) on various biological processes in in vitro and animal models. The graphic highlights the molecular changes that contribute to inflammation, cell proliferation and migration, endothelial dysfunction, and circadian rhythm, suggesting that extracellular vesicles play a central role in the pathophysiology of OSA-related comorbidities. The figure also emphasises the potential of extracellular vesicles as biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis and treatment response. Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a major public health concern, strongly linked to cardiovascular disease and cancer. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as key mediators in intercellular communication, oxidative stress and inflammation, carrying molecules that can influence OSA pathophysiology. However, their role in OSA pathophysiology remains underexplored. This systematic review consolidates current research on EVs in OSA, focusing on their cargo, surface proteins and impact on oxidative stress, inflammation, cancer progression and cardiovascular dysfunction. Registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (ID CRD 42024537136), it explores the intricate links between OSA and EVs to uncover disease mechanisms and identify potential biomarkers. The search was conducted in PubMed/Medline and Web of Science databases to…
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Evidence Hub reads this as a systematic review. Its evidence level is 1 of 5 (Highest · pooled evidence). Pooled evidence from several studies sits at the top of the evidence pyramid.
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