Milestones Leading to Quantum Mechanics
Abstract
This chapter discusses the milestone discoveries leading to the advent of quantum mechanics in conjunction with the concepts of the quantized energy level, photon, matter wave, and spectroscopy. The cathode-ray tube has been instrumental in bringing out key discoveries and concepts in the history of physics, and the photoelectric effect is one of such examples. The photon picture of light was also demonstrated by Compton, who performed the X-ray scattering experiments. The wave nature of light has been firmly built into the classical optics as evidenced, for example, by Young's interference experiment, but the corpuscular nature of light has also been demonstrated experimentally. The two different tracks point to the duality of light, namely, that the light exhibits both the wave-like and particle-like natures. Bohr's theory of the hydrogen atom is a landmark achievement, and it culminates the old quantum theory.
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