Association between dietary protein intake and risk of chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Abstract
Objective There is suggestive data indicating a correlation among dietary protein intake and the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Nonetheless, the exact associations between dietary protein intake and the incidence of CKD have remained uncertain. We performed the first meta-analysis to explore the correlation among total protein, plant protein, animal protein intake and CKD risk. Methods The study conformed the PRISMA statement guidelines. We comprehensively searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase until to December 2023. The retrieved studies underwent rigorous evaluation for eligibility, and relevant data were meticulously extracted. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) tool was applied to evaluate the risk of bias. Subsequently, relevant data were extracted and pooled to evaluate the relations among dietary protein intake and CKD incidence. Results Totally, 6,191 articles were identified, six studies were eligible. A total of 148,051 participants with 8,746 CKD cases were included. All studies had a low overall risk of bias. Higher total, plant and animal protein intake were all correlated with decreased CKD incidence, pooled risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were as follows: (RR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.71–0.94, p = 0.005; I2 = 38%, p = 0.17); (RR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.61–0.97, p = 0.03; I2 = 77%, p = 0.001); (RR = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.76–0.97, p = 0.02; I2 = 0%, p = 0.59), respectively. For fish and seafood within animal protein: RR = 0.84, 95% CI =…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a meta-analysis, done in people. Its evidence level is 1 of 5 (Highest · pooled evidence). Pooled evidence from several studies sits at the top of the evidence pyramid. Reported size: 148,051 participants or records.
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