Quantum criticality and topology in non-equilibrium systems
Abstract
A key goal of condensed matter physics research is to identify new phases of matter, and to understand the universal features of the phase transitions between them.In the past decade, physicists have uncovered a wealth of new phases with interesting surface properties, exemplified by the theoretical prediction and subsequent experimental discovery of topological insulators and superconductors.Traditional condensed matter systems are usually in a thermal equilibrium state and typically at very low temperature.Very recently, experimental advances have sparked interest in the non-equilibrium setting.Non-equilibrium systems can host new phases and phenomena with no equilibrium counterpart, and could also enable robust ways to build quantum memory devices to store and manipulate quantum information in a coherent manner.These phases and phenomena are inherently "dynamical": they are described not by changes in the arrangement or structure of the constituent particles, but instead marked by sharp distinctions in how the particles move and exchange energy or quantum information.The discovery of robust non-equilibrium phases raises many fundamental questions: Can we develop a systematic theory of states of matter and of dynamical transitions between such states?How can such states be realized and probed experimentally?The main goal of this project was to explore the emergence of topological phases and quantum criticality (two cornerstones of modern condensed matter physics in…
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