Hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects of safflower oil in a rat model of paracetamol-induced acute toxic hepatitis
Abstract
Abstract Background Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a major cause of acute liver failure, highlighting the need for effective hepatoprotective agents. Natural products with antioxidant properties represent promising therapeutic options. This study aimed to evaluate the hepatoprotective, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects of cold-pressed safflower oil in a rat model of paracetamol-induced acute toxic hepatitis. Methods Acute toxic hepatitis was induced in male Wistar rats by intragastric administration of paracetamol at a dose of 1000 mg/kg for two consecutive days. This dosing regimen was selected based on established experimental models of acute toxic hepatitis that reliably induce liver injury while maintaining animal survival. Safflower oil was administered orally at a dose of 10 mL/kg for 14 days. Hepatic injury was evaluated by assessing serum biochemical markers, including alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and gamma-glutamyltransferase; oxidative stress parameters (malondialdehyde); antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase and catalase); inflammatory cytokine levels (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-4, and TNF-α); and histopathological changes in liver tissue. Statistical analyses were performed using parametric or non-parametric methods, as appropriate. Results Paracetamol administration caused significant liver injury, evidenced by elevated serum aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase activities, increased…
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