Dexmedetomidine Versus Magnesium Sulphate Added to Bupivacaine in Infraorbital Nerve Block for Perioperative Analgesia in Paediatric Patients for Cleft Lip Surgery: A Prospective, Randomized Double Blinded Study
Abstract
Regional analgesia is considered the cornerstone for postoperative analgesia in paediatric patients. One of the most common birth defects which require surgical intervention early in life is the cleft lip. Infraorbital nerve block (IONB) has been used for postoperative analgesia in this delicate and sensitive area.
As the assessment of pain may be very challenging especially in young children, the local anaesthetics administration can be a safe alternative to opioids.\[2\] However, the regional block after a single dose of local anaesthetic is of limited duration and efficacy. Hence, the coadministration of adjuvants with local anaesthetics may be helpful for potentiation of analgesic effect.
Infraorbital nerve block is a well-recognized regional anaesthetic technique which can provide intraoperative and postoperative pain relief in nasal endoscopic surgery and in some types of oral and dental surgery including cleft lip repair . The block may also be used to help diagnose neuralgia arising from the second division of the trigeminal nerve. The technique for infraorbital nerve blockade is most performed as it exits the infraorbital foramen just below the inferior orbital rim.Dexmedetomidine (DE) is a potent α2 adrenoreceptor agonist and it is highly selective for α2 adrenoreceptor seven times more than clonidine. Many studies documented a prolonged duration and rapid onset of sensory block with the perineural injection of DE. Dexmedetomidine has been introduced as an adjuvant…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a randomized trial, done in people. Its evidence level is 2 of 5 (High · randomized trial). Randomized trials of a reasonable size are the strongest single-study design. Reported size: 75 participants or records.
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