Ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block in pigs undergoing laparoscopic ovariectomy: A preliminary clinical study
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the isoflurane-sparing effect and the intra- and postoperative analgesic efficacy of an ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block in pigs undergoing elective laparoscopic ovariectomy.
Study design: Prospective, randomised, blinded clinical study ANIMALS: A total of 35 female pigs.
Methods: Pigs were randomly allocated to TAP or control groups. Premedication consisted of azaperone 1 mg kg-1, xylazine 1.5 mg kg-1, butorphanol 0.2 mg kg-1, and ketamine 5 mg kg-1 intramuscularly. Anaesthesia was induced with ketamine ± thiopental intravenously and maintained with isoflurane. A three-injection-point per hemiabdomen ultrasound-guided TAP block was performed with 1% lidocaine, 0.1 mL kg-1 per point. No sham injection was performed in controls. Baseline heart rate (HR) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were recorded before surgery at 1.0% end-tidal isoflurane (FE´Iso). Anaesthetic requirements were adjusted by a blinded investigator if HR and MAP deviated 20% from baseline. Ketamine 1 mg kg-1 was administered for ventilator asynchrony. Postoperative pain was assessed using the UNESP-Botucatu pig composite acute pain scale. Pigs scoring ≥ 6/18 were given oral paracetamol 30 mg kg-1. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.
Results: After excluding nine pigs,12 were analysed in the TAP group and 14 in the control group. No statistically significant difference was found comparing overall isoflurane requirements (mean ± standard deviation…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a randomized trial, done in people. Its evidence level is 2 of 5 (High · randomized trial). Randomized trials of a reasonable size are the strongest single-study design.
Read the paper
Related studies
- Effect of dexamethasone as an analgesic adjuvant to multimodal pain treatment after total knee arthroplasty: randomised clinical trial
- Effect of a Postoperative Multimodal Opioid-Sparing Protocol vs Standard Opioid Prescribing on Postoperative Opioid Consumption After Knee or Shoulder Arthroscopy: A Randomized Clinical Trial
- Comparison of the Post-Caesarean Analgesic Effect of Adding Dexmedetomidine to Paracetamol and Ketorolac: A Randomized Clinical Trial
- A triple-blind randomized clinical trial of different associations between dexamethasone and non-steroids anti-inflammatories for preemptive action in third molar extractions
- An open label randomized clinical trial of Indomethacin for mild and moderate hospitalised Covid-19 patients
- Oral paracetamol and/or ibuprofen for treating pain after soft tissue injuries: Single centre double-blind, randomised controlled clinical trial
Go deeper in Evidence Hub
Evidence Hub adds a study data sheet (design, sample size, evidence level, key numbers), an AI summary and a chat grounded in the paper's text.