Paracetamol or ibuprofen? A pilot study comparing rescue therapy for PDA in preterm infants within the first month
Abstract
Aims and objectives: To evaluate a study design aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of IV paracetamol compared to IV ibuprofen for rescue treatment of clinically and hsPDA in preterm infants.
Setting: This pilot randomised controlled trial was conducted in the regional neonatal intensive care unit in Manchester, UK, between September 2021 and August 2023.
Patients and methods: The study recruited preterm infants (gestational age <32 weeks or birth weight <1,500 g) diagnosed with hsPDA via echocardiogram and presenting with signs and symptoms of PDA. Participants were randomised to receive either paracetamol or ibuprofen within the first 28 days of life. The primary outcome was closure or reduction to non-hsPDA, while secondary outcomes included the incidence of short- or medium-term complications of prematurity, such as BPD, NEC, IVH, and ROP. Adverse effects of medications were also reviewed to ensure safety. As part of the pilot design, recruitment, retention and data completeness were evaluated.
Results: A total of 32 infants were recruited within a 2-year study period. Overall, both groups of infants showed similar baseline characteristics, although ibuprofen group had slightly smaller and sicker infants, despite randomisation. A high proportion of eligible babies were recruited (91.4%) and completed the trial. Post-intervention, 37.5% (16.1-50.0%) of infants in the paracetamol group converted to non-hsPDA, compared to 25.0% (7.3-52.4%) in the ibuprofen group (p…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a randomized trial, done in people. Its evidence level is 2 of 5 (High · randomized trial). Randomized trials of a reasonable size are the strongest single-study design. Reported size: 32 participants or records.
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