Effect of a Single Preventive Intravenous Dose of Ketorolac and Paracetamol on Reducing Postoperative Pain in Septorhinoplasty Patients: Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial
Abstract
Background: Effective pain management is crucial in septorhinoplasty and remains a significant challenge. This study investigated the effect of ketorolac and paracetamol on pain control in septorhinoplasty patients and assessed their efficacy in reducing the need for rescue analgesics.
Methods: This double-blind randomized clinical trial was conducted at Madar-Koodak Hospital (Shiraz, Iran), in 2022. Ninety-nine patients were randomly assigned to three groups to receive ketorolac 30 mg (n=33), paracetamol 1000 mg (n=33), and normal saline (n=33), respectively. All the medications were administered intravenously (IV) 30 min before surgery. The randomization procedure followed the block randomization method. If the pain did not subside, patients were also given a single dose of pethidine hydrochloride (25 mg). Pain intensity was measured using visual analog scale (VAS) 1 hour and 6 hours after surgery. The data were analyzed using SPSS software, using paired t tests, ANOVA, and Chi square tests.
Results: One-hour post-surgery, VAS scores in the ketorolac and paracetamol groups were significantly lower than in the placebo group (P<0.001). The mean difference with 95% CI for ketorolac-placebo and paracetamol-placebo was -0.57 (-0.94, -0.21), and -0.79 (-1.12, -0.45), respectively. The ketorolac and paracetamol groups required significantly less pethidine hydrochloride 1 hour post-surgery than the placebo group (P<0.001). The VAS scores and requiring pethidine were not…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a randomized trial, done in people. Its evidence level is 2 of 5 (High · randomized trial). Randomized trials of a reasonable size are the strongest single-study design. Reported size: 33 participants or records.
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