Factors Determining Blood and Urine Concentrations of Metformin among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross Sectional Study
Abstract
Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic medical
condition characterized by high levels of blood glucose due
to a dysfunction in the amount or the function of the
hormone insulin. Among the oral hypoglycaemic drugs used
to treat DM, metformin is considered the first line
treatment and is available in the Lebanese market in both
its regular and extended release formulations. Metformin is
prescribed at standard doses for all diabetic patients
without taking into account variables such as gender, age,
other medications, lifestyle differences, creatinine levels,
etc.
Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted to find the
association between the ingested dose of metformin
(extended release formulation) and its concentration in the
blood and urine, and investigate the different factors that
affect this relation, such as gender, weight, other
medications (drug-drug interaction), Kidney function
(measured by creatinine level and eGFR), timing of
metformin intake, dosage, duration since metformin intake,
HBA1C, smoking and alcohol intake. The HPLC technique
was used to detect the levels of metformin in 95 samples,
collected from diabetic patients visiting the Saint Georges
Hospital laboratory in Beirut.
Results: No correlation was found between the levels of
metformin in blood or urine and the following variables:
age, creatinine, GFR, years on metformin, HbA1c level,
glucose level, and gender. Two linear correlations were
obtained from the study; daily dose of metformin…
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