Chronic Post-leptospirosis Manifestations in Reunion
Abstract
Leptospirosis is a zoonosis caused by spirochetes, pathogenic bacteria of the genus Leptospira. It is transmitted to humans through mucocutaneous lesions by contact with water or soil contaminated by the urine of animal reservoirs (rats, dogs, pigs, cattle, etc.). Exposure to fresh water, contact with water or soil contaminated with animal waste are the main risk factors.
This disease is an important public health problem in humans and animals. The annual global incidence is estimated at nearly one million cases with a mortality of 5 to 10% for all cases combined and up to 50% in the event of multi-organ failure. The number of cases is growing and the disease is probably more widespread because it is underdiagnosed. The incidence could increase further in the coming decades due to climate change and rapid urbanization.
In the Overseas Departments and Regions (DROM), it is an endemic condition and its incidence is 10 to 100 times higher than that of mainland France, mainly for climatic reasons. In Réunion, the disease is notifiable with a number of notified cases ranging from 70 to more than 100 cases per year in recent years. Nearly 90% of confirmed cases were hospitalized and more than a third of patients stayed in intensive care.
Recently, a multicenter cohort of patients hospitalized with leptospirosis in La Réunion (COLEPT) was funded by Inserm to identify the severity factors of the disease in patients hospitalized in one of the 4 hospitals on the island. A community of…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a clinical trial, done in people. Its evidence level is 3 of 5 (Moderate · trial / cohort / secondary analysis). Trials without a large randomized design, cohorts and secondary analyses give moderate evidence. Reported size: 198 participants or records.
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