Theoretical modeling and performance analysis of a direct-indirect dual-layer flat-panel detector for contrast-enhanced breast imaging
Abstract
Background: Contrast-enhanced (CE) breast imaging highlights tumors with neo-angiogenesis in dual-energy (DE) images after iodinated contrast injection and has shown promise in improving diagnostic performance. Conventionally, DE images are generated by weighted subtraction of sequentially acquired low-energy (LE) and high-energy (HE) images, which are prone to motion artifacts caused by patient movement between exposures. A direct-indirect dual-layer flat-panel detector (DI-DLFPD) based imaging system, incorporating a silver (Ag) K-edge filter at the x-ray source, has recently been proposed to acquire LE and HE images simultaneously to eliminate motion artifacts. The DI-DLFPD uses a direct amorphous selenium (a-Se) front-layer (FL) detector for LE acquisition, and an indirect cesium iodide (CsI) back-layer (BL) detector for HE acquisition.
Purpose: To develop a theoretical model to optimize a DI-DLFPD based imaging system for maximizing image quality and lesion detectability in CE breast imaging.
Methods: Established models for the x-ray spectrum and a-Se detector response are adopted, while the model for the CsI detector is extended to incorporate depth-independent optical blur variability. These optical properties are empirically characterized from measured spatial-frequency-dependent detector performance of CsI samples with varying thicknesses. The x-ray spectrum, a-Se FL, and CsI BL models are then cascaded to construct a comprehensive model of the DI-DLFPD based…
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