The Role of Gut Microbiota in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): A Review Article
Abstract
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder that affects around 10–15% of women of reproductive age. It is characterized by a combination of metabolic, hormonal, and reproductive abnormalities, including insulin resistance (IR) and hyperandrogenism. Recent research suggests that gut microbiota dysbiosis is a major contributing factor, influencing insulin metabolism, inflammation, and hormonal regulation. Changes in the microbial community, especially an increase in pro-inflammatory bacteria exacerbate IR and androgen imbalances. Interventions such as probiotics, prebiotics, metformin, and lifestyle changes show potential in addressing these issues. However, more studies are needed to optimize microbiome-based treatments.
Aim of the Study: This article explores the role of gut microbiota dysbiosis in PCOS, with a focus on its impact on inflammation, insulin resistance, hormonal imbalances, and potential microbiome-centered therapeutic approaches.
Materials and Methods: A systematic review of the literature was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Medline. The main search terms included “PCOS,” “gut microbiota,” “inflammation,” “insulin resistance,” “androgens,” and “microbial diversity.” Studies linking gut dysbiosis to PCOS were selected for inclusion.
Results: Women with PCOS typically exhibit lower microbial diversity, with a higher abundance of pro-inflammatory species, which correlates with increased insulin resistance and elevated androgen…
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