Exploring the role of medicinal plants and nanotechnology in the management of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS): a scoping review
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine disorder characterized by heterogeneous symptoms and is commonly managed with conventional medications that often exhibit variable efficacy and undesirable side effects. Given these limitations, nanotechnology, particularly plant-derived metallic nanoparticles, offers novel strategies to enhance phytochemical delivery, stability, and bioavailability. Accordingly, this scoping review synthesizes preclinical evidence (2015-2025) on plant-derived metallic nanoparticles for PCOS, evaluating therapeutic outcomes, safety, and mechanisms. In line with PRISMA-ScR guidance, records were identified from PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect (n = 375), duplicates were removed (n = 51), and 324 records underwent screening. Three hundred twenty records were excluded based on title/abstract screening, and 4 reports were retrieved from databases for eligibility assessment. Together with 1 additional study from Google Scholar, 5 rodent studies were included. Reporting quality and risk of bias were assessed descriptively using selected ARRIVE- and SYRCLE-based domains. Overall, the included studies evaluated cinnamon-derived silver nanoparticles, selenium nanoparticles synthesized using Corchorus olitorius, silver nanoparticles synthesized from aqueous extract of fresh asparagus stems, and silver nanoparticles prepared using fenugreek aqueous extract. Across the included studies, these interventions normalized reproductive hormones,…
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