Therapeutic Effects of Cynodon dactylon (C. dactylon) against Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Induced by Letrozole in Adult Rats: Ovarian and Uterine Aspects
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Cynodon dactylon traditionally employed or treating hormonal problems in women. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the effect of C. dactylon hydroalcoholic extract of on letrozole-induced polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in adult rats.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this experimental study, hydroalcoholic extract was prepared from the whole plant except the root. Then, 16 female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups. In the control group, the PCOS model was not induced and no treatment was performed. The PCOS-induced groups received 1 mg/kg of body-weight letrozole daily by gavage for 21 days. In the PCOS-induced groups two groups were orally treated with 250 mg/kg body weight daily metformin or 500 mg/kg body weight daily C. dactylon extract, 28 days after PCOS induction. Hormonal, histopathologic, and histomorphometric analyses were performed. Molecular docking also done to evaluate effect of C. dactylon extract on receptors involved in the pathophysiology of PCOS.
RESULTS: C. dactylon had a remarkable positive effect on estrous cycles and also led to a significant reduction in the weight of PCOS rats. Moreover, C. dactylon extract mitigates PCOS-induced hormonal imbalances including a significant decrease in testosterone and estrogen levels, as well as increased progesterone levels. Ovarian and uterine structures were improved including reducing theca layer thickness, enhancing antral follicular areas, and a significant decrease in the luminal area…
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