Evidence Hub

A survey of security threats in federated learning

Yun-Hao Feng, Yan-Ming Guo, Yinjian Hou, Yulun Wu, Ming-Rui Lao, Tianyuan Yu, Gang Liu

Complex & Intelligent Systems, 2025

70 citations

Abstract

Federated learning is a distributed machine learning paradigm that emerged as a solution to the need for privacy protection in artificial intelligence. Like traditional machine learning, federated learning is threatened by multiple attacks, such as backdoor attacks, Byzantine attacks, and adversarial attacks. The weaknesses are exacerbated by the inaccessibility of data in federated learning, which makes it more difficult to defend against these threats. This points to the need for further research into defensive approaches to make federated learning a real solution for distributed machine learning paradigm with securing data privacy. Our survey provides a taxonomy of these threats and defense methods, describing the general situation of this vulnerability in federated learning. We also sort out the relationship between these methods, their advantages and disadvantages, and discuss future research directions regarding the security issues of federated learning from multiple perspectives.

Read the paper

Related studies

Go deeper in Evidence Hub

Evidence Hub adds a study data sheet (design, sample size, evidence level, key numbers), an AI summary and a chat grounded in the paper's text.

Open this study Sign up free