CRISPR‐Cas9 screen reveals that inhibition of enhancer of zeste homolog 2 sensitizes malignant T cells to dimethyl‐fumarate‐induced cell death
Abstract
Constitutive activation of the nuclear factor kappa‐light‐chain‐enhancer of activated B cells (NF‐κB) pathway is a hallmark of many lymphocyte‐associated cancers, including cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma (CTCL) and its leukemic variant, the Sézary syndrome. Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) has been identified as a promising NF‐κB‐targeted therapy and has shown positive outcomes in a phase II clinical trial involving patients with Sézary syndrome. However, limited responsiveness remains a significant challenge. Through a genome‐wide clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)‐Cas9 screen, we identified enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2; also known as histone‐lysine N‐methyltransferase) as a critical target for enhancing DMF‐induced cell death. EZH2, the catalytic subunit of Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2), is responsible for the methylation of histone H3 (H3K27). Combining DMF with the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)‐approved EZH2 inhibitor tazemetostat significantly increases cell death in patient‐derived CTCL cells, offering a promising strategy to improve therapeutic outcomes and overcome limited responsiveness to DMF.
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