Multi-omic analysis reveals that the CARNS1-mediated carnosine synthesis pathway modulates muscle metabolic responses to nutrient restriction in goats
Abstract
Seasonal feed shortages pose critical challenges to ruminant productivity, yet the mechanisms underlying muscle metabolic responses to varying degrees of restriction remain unclear. This study simulated feed shortage in goats using three dietary treatments: normal feeding (RF0), 25% restricted feeding (RF25), and 50% restricted feeding (RF50). A total of 30 male Xiangdong black goats with similar initial body weight (19.14 ± 2.75 kg) and age (4.0 ± 0.3 months) were randomly assigned into 3 groups (n = 10 per group) for an 87-d trial (7-d preliminary period followed by an 80-d experimental period). By integrating growth performance, muscle morphology, fatty acid and free amino acid profiles, and transcriptomic and metabolomic data, the multilevel responses of goat muscle to feed shortage were characterized. As anticipated, restricted feeding markedly impaired growth performance; in particular, the average daily gain in the RF50 group decreased markedly compared with the RF0 group (P 0.05) compared with the RF0 group, suggesting that structural preservation of fiber number was prioritized over individual fiber volume under severe nutritional stress. Metabolically, RF50 induced accumulation of free amino acids (aspartate, glycine, valine, and lysine) and monounsaturated fatty acids (cis9-C16:1n-7 and cis9-C18:1 n-9), and depletion of polyunsaturated fatty acids (cis9,cis12-C18:2n-6 and cis9,cis12,cis15-C18:3n-3) compared with the RF0 group (P < 0.05). Transcriptomic analysis…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a randomized trial. Its evidence level is 3 of 5 (Moderate · trial / cohort / secondary analysis). Trials without a large randomized design, cohorts and secondary analyses give moderate evidence. Reported size: 10 participants or records.
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