Plaque variant trichoblastoma—An unusually aggressive neoplasm: Presentation of 11 cases in 4 individuals and a review of the literature
Abstract
BCC: basal cell carcinoma Bcl-2: B-cell lymphoma 2 CD10: cluster of differentiation 10 CD34: cluster of differentiation 34 CYLD: CYLD Lysine 63 Deubiquitinase F: female H&E: hematoxylin and eosin L: left M: male MMS: Mohs micrographic surgery NL: nasolabial PTCH: Protein patched homolog R: right INTRODUCTION Trichoblastoma is a rare, benign adnexal neoplasm of the hair germ composed of follicular germinative cells surrounded by a dense stroma. These tumors originate from the deep dermis/subcutis, and are usually small, solitary, and do not display aggressive features. However, they may be multiple, bigger than 1 cm, and/or may invade deeply in the subcutis, or rarely into the skeletal muscle. An uncommon, poorly defined, plaque variant was initially described in 1995, and termed ‘plaque variant trichoblastic fibroma’. More recently in 2019, Requena et al described a case series of 8 patients who presented with multiple facial plaque variant trichoblastomas and emphasized the variant’s infiltrative nature. Herein, we describe additional 4 patients, who over the course of 11 years presented with plaque variant trichoblastomas on the head and neck. Furthermore, we discuss the biologic and clinical significance of the tumor’s proposed aggressive features, as well as its suitability for treatment with Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS).
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a case report, done in people. Its evidence level is 5 of 5 (Very low · case / narrative / animal / in vitro / in silico). Case reports, narrative reviews, and animal, cell or computer-model studies give the weakest evidence for human health. Reported size: 8 participants or records.
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